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双语在衰老过程中对灰质体积的影响:一项纵向研究
Katharina Peitz1,2,3, Johanna Stumme1,3, Christiane Jockwitz1,3
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|August 7, 2023
概括
双语可能不会平等地保护所有大脑区域. 虽然双语者在下顶叶叶 (IPL) 中显示出较高的灰质体积,但随着时间的推移,他们会在左侧的IPL中经历更的下降,特别是皮质厚度.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 双语性与像下额 (IFG) 和下顶叶叶 (IPL) 这样的大脑区域的灰质量 (GMV) 增加有关,作为大脑储备.
- 之前的横截面研究表明,双语者与单语者相比,双语者在左侧IFG和IPL中与年龄相关的GMV下降速度更快.
研究的目的:
- 纵向研究与年龄相关的灰色物质体积 (GMV) 变化,在下额头 (IFG) 和下叶 (IPL) 在单语和双语.
- 通过使用纵向数据,验证以前关于双语者GMV下降幅度更高的横截面发现.
主要方法:
- 在200名19-79岁的参与者 (87名单语者,113名双语者) 中,在大约3.6年内,双边IFG和IPL的GMV下降的纵向分析.
- 混合协差分析用于评估GMV随时间变化,群体差异和GMV,表面积 (SA) 和皮层厚度 (CT) 的时间群相互作用.
主要成果:
- 双语者在下额叶 (IPL) 中表现出更高的GMV,但在下额叶 (IFG) 中没有.
- 在双语者与单语者相比,在左边的IPL中观察到显著更的GMV下降.
- 双语者在双边IPL中表现出更大的表面积 (SA),在左边IPL中表现出更的皮质厚度 (CT) 降低.
结论:
- 这些发现支持先前的横截面数据,证实双语者左IPL的GMV下降幅度更大.
- 双语可能会增强后部区域 (IPL) 的大脑储备,SA有助于更高的GMV和CT,可能会导致左部IPL的急剧下降.
- 评估双语对大脑结构的神经保护作用需要考虑时间作为一个关键因素.
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