面罩:一种COVID-19的保护或环境污染物?
Sukhendu Dey1, Palas Samanta2, Deblina Dutta3
1Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, 713 104, West Bengal, India.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|August 7, 2023
概括
一次性口罩对于预防COVID-19至关重要,但却会产生大量的塑料垃圾. 本文审查了口罩污染,环境影响,并提出了可持续的解决方案来管理这种不断增长的废物流.
科学领域:
- 环境科学与污染问题
- 公共卫生和流行病学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,口罩是必不可少的个人防护设备 (PPE),导致了前所未有的全球消费.
- 每天数十亿个一次性面膜的处理产生大量的废物,估计超过1400万公斤.
- 这些废物的不当管理带来了重大的环境挑战,特别是海洋生态系统中的塑料污染.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地审查面罩在缓解COVID-19传播中的作用.
- 分析面膜废弃物的环境分布模式和降解.
- 评估面罩污染对生态系统的不利影响,并提出补救策略.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了面罩使用,废物产生和环境命运的数据.
- 从新面罩与使用面罩中释放的微塑料的分析.
- 评估与面膜生产和处置相关的温室气体排放.
主要成果:
- 严重的环境污染,包括大/微/纳米塑料进入海洋环境,使用过的口罩释放更多的微塑料.
- 面罩废弃物有助于大量的温室气体排放 (例如,每张手术口罩59gCO2-eq).
- 吸入或摄入口罩中的微塑料可以导致不良健康影响,如炎症和细胞损伤.
结论:
- 由于塑料污染和相关的健康风险,一次性口罩的广泛使用构成了严重的环境挑战.
- 迫切需要可持续的废物管理策略和补救方案,以减轻面罩废物的环境负担.
- 对生物降解替代品和有效的处置方法的进一步研究对于长期的环境可持续性至关重要.
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