语法构造的言论功能解释了一个持久的语法难题
Nicole Cuneo1, Adele E Goldberg1
1Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
Cognition
|August 7, 2023
概括
语法岛屿约束,限制句子形成,可能不是源自天生的规则. 相反,它们很可能是由组合语法构造的沟通功能之间的冲突引起的.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 语法 语法 语法 语法 语法
- 语法理论 语法理论
背景情况:
- 语法构造具有特定的沟通功能,比如标记信息为问题或背景.
- 结合多个构造需要功能兼容性;不兼容的功能可能导致非语法性.
- 语法岛屿约束,特别是关于长距离依赖关系 (LDDs) 的约束,不太了解,并且经常归因于先天的语法规则.
研究的目的:
- 调查语法岛限制的功能基础.
- 为了测试这个假设,岛屿约束是由LDD的突出函数和基础结构的背景函数之间的冲突引起的.
- 为了确定LDD是否与其元素的背景基础结构相结合不那么幸福.
主要方法:
- 一项预先注册的研究涉及680名参与者.
- 评估了10个不同的英语基础结构和3个长距离依赖 (LDD) 结构.
- 使用两个独立的指标测量背景性,并与组合结构的可接受性评级相关联.
主要成果:
- 两个独立的背景测量与三个LDD构造中的可接受性评级有显著的相关性.
- 基础结构对其元素的背景程度预测其与LDD结构的兼容性.
- 结果支持功能不兼容性假设,而不是先天的语法约束.
结论:
- 语法岛屿约束并不一定是天生的,而是从语法构造之间的功能冲突中产生的.
- 某些构造的感知非语法性是由于使一个元素同时突出 (通过LDD) 和背景 (通过基础构造) 的不兼容.
- 这项研究为以前神秘的语法现象提供了功能性解释.
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