聚金属硫化物采矿残留物的生物化:增加固体度对微生物群落动态和金属溶解的影响
Catherine Joulian1, Agathe Hubau1, Douglas Pino-Herrera1
1BRGM, F-45060 Orléans, France.
Research in microbiology
|August 7, 2023
概括
这项研究开发了一种有效的生物溶解策略,用于从采矿残留物中提取和铜等金属. 这种新的方法成功地将固体含量提高到20% (w/w),在实验室和试验规模上都显示出强大的细菌性能.
科学领域:
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
背景情况:
- 来自芬兰索特卡莫 (Sotkamo) 的采矿残留物含有硫化矿物中的贵金属 (Ni, Zn, Co, Cu).
- 现有的生物炼工艺需要优化更高的固体含量,以提高金属提取效率.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一个生物溶解策略,以从采矿残留物中提升金属回收.
- 研究微生物联盟在固体度增加 (高达20%重量) 时的适应性和性能.
- 评估特定细菌物种在金属溶解和氧化过程中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在生物溶解实验中逐渐增加固体含量 (5%的步骤),达到20% (w/w).
- 监测金属溶解,pH,氧化还原潜力 (Eh) 和细菌群体 (基因丰度和细胞数量).
- 在21升式反应堆中以20% (重量/重量) 固体进行试点规模的测试.
主要成果:
- 微生物联盟成功适应20% (w/w) 固体含量,使金属有效溶解.
- 硫黄热硫酸氧化剂和Acidithiobacillus caldus分别被确定为铁和硫氧化中的关键参与者.
- "酸微生物体"P2对有耐受性,在较高的固体度下更受欢迎.
- 基因丰富性提供了补充生物质数据,突出显示了粒子相关细菌的重要性.
- 试点规模的试验证实了高效的金属提取率在20% (重量/重量) 固体.
- 由于环境压力,生物活动在30% (重量/重量) 固体下显著降低.
结论:
- 在高固体度 (20% w/w) 的采矿残留物中提取金属的有效生物溶解策略被证明.
- 适度热友微生物联盟在实验室和试验规模上表现出强度和适应性.
- 超过20% (w/w) 的高固体度对细菌适应和生物活动构成挑战.
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