有证据表明,实施意图可以减少社区的自我伤害.
Abigail Paterson1, Mark A Elliott1, Louise A Brown Nicholls1
1School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
British journal of health psychology
|August 7, 2023
概括
实施意图,或IF-THEN计划,在减少特定情况下的自我伤害方面显示出希望. 这种干预对具有强烈目标意图和经常与自我伤害相关的心理图像的人来说最有效.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 自伤是严重的公共卫生问题.
- 实施意图是IF-THEN计划,旨在促进以目标为导向的行为.
- 以前的研究表明,实施意图可以影响行为,但它们在减少自我伤害方面的有效性需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查促进实施意图的干预措施在社区样本中减少自我伤害的有效性.
- 探索潜在的调节者,如目标意图,心理图像和自我伤害的暴露,这些可能会影响干预的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验与469名参与者 (年龄在18-66岁) 进行.
- 参与者填写了自我报告问卷,测量自我伤害,自杀倾向,目标意图,心理图像以及在基线和三个月后续对自我伤害的暴露.
- 参与者被随机分配到实验条件 (形成实施意图) 或对照条件.
主要成果:
- 在实验组和对照组之间,在三个月的随访后,没有发现自我伤害或自杀倾向的总体显著差异.
- 然而,观察到一种显著的缓解效应:实验组中具有高水平目标意图和心理图像的参与者报告说,在特定的关键情况下,自我伤害减少了.
- 暴露于自我伤害并没有缓解干预的效果.
结论:
- 实施意图可以是一个有用的干预措施,以减少在特定,预定义的危急情况下的自我伤害.
- 这种干预似乎对那些有动力避免自我伤害的个人和那些经常经历自我伤害相关的心理图像的人特别有益.
- 未来的研究应该专注于将实施意图策略定制为特定人群和自我伤害背景.
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