农业贸易影响全球的使用和部分生产率
Zhaohai Bai1,2, Ling Liu3, Michael Obersteiner4
1Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China. baizh1986@126.com.
Nature food
|August 7, 2023
概括
全球农业贸易提高了的生产率,但存在浪费使用的风险. 优化贸易和回收对于可持续的资源管理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 资源管理 资源管理
背景情况:
- 全球 (P) 循环对农业至关重要,但其通过贸易商品的流动尚不清楚.
- 是一种有限的资源,有效利用和回收对于粮食安全和环境可持续性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析1961-2019年全球农业贸易中的时空分布和生产率.
- 评估国际贸易对农作物和畜牧业使用效率的影响.
- 确定全球农业系统中优化资源管理的风险和机会.
主要方法:
- 利用全球贸易矩阵分析了200个国家的作物和牲畜产品的部分因素生产率 (PFP).
- 量化了农业贸易对60年来P出口和进口的累积贡献.
- 对进口农产品的贸易最佳性和P损失的评估趋势.
主要成果:
- 从历史上看,国际农业贸易提高了全球的PFP,理论上节省了大量的P在肥料和料中.
- 然而,最近的趋势显示贸易最佳性下降,产品越来越多地从低PFP国家转移到高PFP国家.
- 在没有有效的回收利用的情况下,大量嵌入进口农产品中的P会丢失到环境中.
结论:
- 虽然农业贸易提高了P的效率,但目前的模式有可能浪费P资源的利用.
- 集成的作物和牲畜系统和P回收技术对于减轻P损失和促进循环经济原则至关重要.
- 迫切需要采取战略来重新优化全球贸易流,并加强回收利用,以实现可持续农业.
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