德国黑森林的气候驱动的树木生长和死亡率-长期观察
Heinrich Spiecker1, Hans-Peter Kahle1
1Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Global change biology
|August 8, 2023
概括
气候驱动的水资源短缺正在增加树木死亡率,并减少德国黑森林的生长. 这一趋势因干旱遗产而加剧,凸显了气候水平衡在森林健康中的关键作用.
科学领域:
- 森林生态 森林生态
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 登德罗年代学 登德罗年代学
背景情况:
- 插曲性树木死亡是一个重要的生态现象,原因多种多样.
- 了解气候驱动的死亡率对于森林管理和保护至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有完全量化长期干旱对区域范围内的森林生态系统的影响.
研究的目的:
- 分析德国黑森林的气候驱动的树木死亡率和生长率.
- 量化评估干旱和高温对森林树木的多十年影响.
- 将树木死亡率和生长率与气候水平衡进行比较,并确定关键驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 分析了68年来关于年度树木死亡率的一系列数据 (不包括风暴,雪,冰和火灾).
- 死亡率数据与气候水位平衡 (140年) 和挪威松树辐射生长 (121年) 的比较.
- 在区域范围内对干旱和高温对生长和死亡率的影响的定量评估.
主要成果:
- 降低气候水平衡显著增加了树木死亡率,并在68年内减少了树木的生长.
- 连续的炎热干燥的夏季导致了多年的干旱遗产,增加了死亡率和增长下降.
- 树木对气候水平衡变化的敏感性随着水资源的减少而增加;最近的死亡率是前所未有的.
结论:
- 气候水平衡是黑森林树木死亡和生长变化的主要驱动因素.
- 甲甲虫的动态可能会影响死亡率,与气候压力相互作用.
- 由于气候变化导致的森林衰退构成严重威胁,最近的死亡率是140年来最高的.
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