下水道 SARS-CoV-2 废水监测和 COVID-19 流行病学使用建筑特定占用和病例数据
Alasdair Cohen1,2, Ayella Maile-Moskowitz2, Christopher Grubb3
1Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.
ACS ES&T water
|August 8, 2023
概括
废水监测有效地监测和预测COVID-19趋势,使用建筑特定的占用数据. 基于废水的流行病学显示了预测SARS-CoV-2趋势的潜力.
科学领域:
- 环境科学环境科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 基于废水的监测提供了一种非侵入性的方法来监测传染病趋势.
- 整合占用数据可以完善废水流行病学以进行局部预测.
- 了解SARS-CoV-2在废水中的泄露对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于废水的监测,以监测和预测SARS-CoV-2 (导致COVID-19的病毒) 的趋势.
- 评估与废水分析相结合的特定建筑物占用数据的实用性.
- 确定废水病毒载荷对未来COVID-19病例的预测能力.
主要方法:
- 在2020-2021学年,每周两次从17个人坑收集废水样本.
- 利用逆转录定量聚合酶链反应 (RT-qPCR) 和逆转录数字滴状聚合酶链反应 (RT-ddPCR) 进行病毒基因分析.
- 集成的外部门刷卡数据和学生隔离/隔离状态,以估计建筑特定的占用率和每日COVID-19病例数量.
主要成果:
- 在隔离宿舍中,人群调整后的病毒副本平均值明显高于未调整后的平均值.
- 在废水中检测到SARS-CoV-2 N和E基因与8天后COVID-19病例的可能性增加有关.
- 一日志增加的正常化病毒副本预测增加COVID-19病例可能性在收集后5和8天.
结论:
- 基于废水的流行病学,当与建筑特定的占用数据相结合时,可以有效地监测和预测COVID-19趋势.
- 该研究提供了废水流行病学在预测局部规模疾病动态方面的潜力的证据.
- 这种方法可以为管理传染病爆发的公共卫生战略提供信息.
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