专制领导层与相信假新闻之间的关系
Juan Ospina1, Gábor Orosz2, Steven Spencer3
1Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA. ospina.10@osu.edu.
Scientific reports
|August 8, 2023
概括
专制领导者会影响员工同意虚假新闻,即使他们能发现它. 这种社会影响,服从和顺从可以传播错误信息.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 组织行为 组织行为
- 信息科学 信息科学 信息科学
背景情况:
- 认知能力影响虚假新闻的检测.
- 社会影响,特别是来自领导者的社会影响,可能会影响人们对错误信息的认同.
- 独裁的领导风格在民主的工作场所普遍存在.
研究的目的:
- 调查领导风格对员工检测假新闻的能力的影响.
- 检查领导风格如何影响员工同意他们的老板分享的假新闻.
- 了解社会影响力,顺从和服从在错误信息传播中的作用.
主要方法:
- 为领导风格 (自主,父权主义,专制) 制定了一个单项衡量标准.
- 从四个西方民主国家 (澳大利亚,加拿大,英国,美国) 招募了501名参与者.
- 评估了参与者对假新闻的评价准确性,以及他们预期与他们的老板对假新闻的看法达成一致.
主要成果:
- 与那些拥有自主上司的员工相比,那些拥有专制上司的员工在发现假新闻方面不那么准确 (科恩的d = 0.32),与那些拥有自主上司的员工相比.
- 拥有专制老板的员工在假新闻方面与他们的老板达成一致的倾向明显更高 (科恩的d = 1.30用于自主,d = 0.70用于父权主义).
- 威权主义领导人强烈预测同意错误信息,而不管准确性.
结论:
- 社会影响,顺从和服从是权威领导人如何维护和传播错误信息的关键,被忽视的因素.
- 威权主义领导层对组织内部假新闻的传播构成重大风险.
- 需要针对社会影响力动态的干预措施来打击工作场所的错误信息.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
02:20Milgram's Obedience to Authority
6.4K
Obedience to authority is classically demonstrated in a more famous series of social psychology experiments performed by Stanley Milgram. He was a social psychology professor at Yale who was influenced by the trial of Adolf Eichmann, a Nazi war criminal. Eichmann’s defense for the atrocities he committed was that he was “just following orders.”
6.4K
00:52Social Proof
27.7K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
27.7K
01:08Obedience
32.9K
According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation,...
32.9K
01:34Groupthink
44.5K
When in group settings, we are often influenced by the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors around us. Groupthink is another phenomenon of conformity where modification of the opinions of members in a group aligns with what they believe is the group consensus (Janis, 1972). In such situations, the group often takes action that individuals would not perform outside the group setting because groups make more extreme decisions than individuals do. Moreover, groupthink can hinder opposing trains of...
44.5K
01:27Parenting Styles
93
Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
93
01:14Fundamental Attribution Error
12.9K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.9K