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相关概念视频

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

6.4K
Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
1.4K
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

4.6K
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
4.6K
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

2.1K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
2.1K
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

4.6K
All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
4.6K
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

11.8K
Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Visualization of Chondrocyte Intercalation and Directional Proliferation via Zebrabow Clonal Cell Analysis in the Embryonic Meckel’s Cartilage
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Visualization of Chondrocyte Intercalation and Directional Proliferation via Zebrabow Clonal Cell Analysis in the Embryonic Meckel’s Cartilage

Published on: October 21, 2015

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时间转录组特征在单细胞分辨率上识别了人类体发育过程中的早期骨承诺.

Zhonghao Deng1,2, Shengwei Rong1,2, Lu Gan1,2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.

iScience
|August 9, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究揭示了人类胎儿体发育过程中明显的细胞亚型和时间基因表达变化. 在骨化中心形成之前,它确定了参与软骨和骨形成的关键信号通路.

关键词:
细胞生物学 细胞生物学发育生物学发展生物学转录组学 转录组学是指转录组学.

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Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
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Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

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Visualization of Chondrocyte Intercalation and Directional Proliferation via Zebrabow Clonal Cell Analysis in the Embryonic Meckel’s Cartilage
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Visualization of Chondrocyte Intercalation and Directional Proliferation via Zebrabow Clonal Cell Analysis in the Embryonic Meckel’s Cartilage

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Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
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Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
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Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

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科学领域:

  • 发展生物学 发展生物学
  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学

背景情况:

  • 人类体发育传统上通过放射学和组织学进行研究,限制了对细胞遗传动态的洞察力.
  • 了解胎儿骨发育过程中确切的时间遗传变化对于再生医学和疾病研究至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 在怀孕后的几周 (PCWs) 中,研究人类远端大腿突细胞的动态转录组变化15-25.
  • 识别不同的体细胞亚型及其发育轨迹.
  • 阐明分子机制,包括信号通路,控制早期人类体发育.

主要方法:

  • 采用单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq) 来分析人类远端股骨突细胞的基因表达特征.
  • 利用基因本体学 (GO) 丰富分析和基因组变异分析 (GSVA) 进行功能解释.
  • 应用轨迹推断,转录调节网络分析和细胞间通信分析,以了解时间动态.

主要成果:

  • 鉴定了多种由特定标记物和基因特征特征的形细胞亚型.
  • 揭示了在二次骨化中心 (SOC) 发育之前致力于软骨形成或骨化的独特细胞群.
  • 发现了骨化致力细胞的出现与 COL2A1-(ITGA2/11+ITGB1) 信号的相关性,NOTCH 信号与软骨通道和骨化过程有关.

结论:

  • 这项研究提供了一个高分辨率的,单细胞视图的人类胎儿桃体发育,详细说明动态转录组变化.
  • 确定了关键细胞群和信号通路 (COL2A1,NOTCH),对于早期骨发育至关重要.
  • 在单细胞水平上推进对胎儿发育的遗传基础的理解.