怀孕期间使用酒精的患病率,巴西,2011-2012年
Vanderlea Poeys Cabral1, Claudia Leite de Moraes2, Francisco I Bastos3
1Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Cadernos de saude publica
|August 9, 2023
概括
怀孕期间的酒精使用很普遍,影响了14%的女性. 在弱势群体中发现了更高的发病率,这凸显了针对性公共卫生干预措施的必要性,以减少酒精消费和支持孕妇.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 药物滥用研究 药物滥用研究
背景情况:
- 怀孕期间的酒精消费对胎儿发育和母亲健康构成重大风险.
- 确定与酒精使用相关的特定人口和社会经济因素对于有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计在产后妇女中使用酒精的全国患病率.
- 为了确定在怀孕期间使用酒精的比例较高的妇女的弱势子组.
- 为公共政策提供信息,以预防和终止怀孕期间的酒精使用.
主要方法:
- 一项全国横截面的,基于医院的研究,涉及23,894名在2011-2012年接受采访的产后妇女.
- 用TWEAK尺度来确定酒精使用,得分≥2表示"可能诊断出酒精使用不足".
- 根据母亲的特征,计算了总人口和子组的患病率和95%置信区间 (95%CI).
主要成果:
- 怀孕期间使用酒精的全国患病率为14% (95%CI:13.3-14.7),其中10% (95%CI:9.3-10.6) 患有"不充分使用酒精的推定诊断".
- 在黑人妇女,青少年 (12-19岁),受教育程度和经济地位较低的妇女,未婚妇女,失业妇女,先前多次分娩的妇女以及报告吸烟和不充分的产前护理的妇女中观察到更高的患病率.
- 约有1.2%的妇女表现出所有三个风险因素:吸烟,饮酒和不充分的产前护理.
结论:
- 在怀孕期间,酒精使用和"不充分饮酒的推定诊断"的患病率很高,特别是在面临社会经济劣势的妇女中.
- 调查结果强调,迫切需要制定有针对性的公共卫生政策和支持服务,以应对弱势孕妇群体的酒精使用问题.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Teratogenicity
2.5K
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
2.5K
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
244
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
244
Prevalence and Incidence
628
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
628
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.5K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.5K
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
196
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
196
Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence
3.6K
The test of independence is a chi-square-based test used to determine whether two variables or factors are independent or dependent. This hypothesis test is used to examine the independence of the variables. One can construct two qualitative survey questions or experiments based on the variables in a contingency table. The goal is to see if the two variables are unrelated (independent) or related (dependent). The null and alternative hypotheses for this test are:
H0: The two variables (factors)...
H0: The two variables (factors)...
3.6K


