诱导电荷膜电容脱离离能使得高效的海水淡化能够通过极化多孔电极实现
1Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Republic of Korea.
Water research
|August 9, 2023
概括
与传统的CDI相比,诱导电荷电容脱离离 (ICCDI) 在单细胞中提供了优越的盐去除. 扩大ICCDI需要特定的模块设计,以保持多堆系统的效率,以实现经济高效的海水淡化.
科学领域:
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 环境工程 环境工程
背景情况:
- 传统的电容脱离离子 (CDI) 依赖电场去除水中的离子.
- 诱导电荷电容去离子化 (ICCDI) 使用在多孔材料中的诱导电偶极来去除离子.
- 了解ICCDI中的离子传输和性能变化对于其实际应用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究一种新的海水淡化方法,诱导电荷电容离离子化 (ICCDI).
- 在各种电气模式下,将ICCDI性能与常规CDI进行比较.
- 分析离子运输动态,并确定影响ICCDI效率的因素,特别是随着堆数量的增加.
主要方法:
- 开发一个微尺度的ICCDI平台,以在现场可视化离子度,pH值和流体流量.
- 实验性比较ICCDI与单极和双极CDI配置.
- 在欧米,限制和超限电气系统中对海水淡化性能的评估.
- 在ICCDI系统中,对具有不同堆数量的性能变化进行评估.
主要成果:
- 与传统的CDI相比,ICCDI在单个电池中产生更高的电场,从而导致盐分的提升和/或较低的离子电流.
- 离子度和流体流动力学在ICCDI和CDI的不同电气系统中显示出相似之处.
- 由于潜在的短路,ICCDI的表现随着堆数量的增加而恶化.
- 在较低的堆数量 (<6) 时,ICCDI表现出比常规CDI更高的海水淡化效率.
结论:
- ICCDI提出了一种有前途的能源/成本效益的海水淡化方法,在单细胞配置中表现优于传统的CDI.
- ICCDI的效率对堆数很敏感,因此需要优化模块设计以扩展.
- 建议进一步开发扩展模块,例如重复四堆的ICCDI单元.
- 这项研究增强了对ICCDI中的离子传输和性能的理解,为其实际实施铺平了道路.
相关概念视频
01:31Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor
4.8K
The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
4.8K
01:15Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes
632
Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
632
01:17Ion Exchange
621
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
621
01:29Potential Due to a Polarized Object
434
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
434
01:28Induced Electric Dipoles
4.3K
A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
4.3K
01:17Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods
209
Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
The chosen potential...
The chosen potential...
209