性差异在认知和基于结构共变的形态学连接性:来自28000多名英国生物库参与者的证据
Crystal C Yang1, Jana F Totzek2,3,4, Martin Lepage1,3,4
1Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|August 9, 2023
概括
男人表现出更高的脑网络效率,这可能解释了他们的空间记忆优势和女性的口头记忆强度. 这项研究揭示了大脑结构差异如何与认知性差异有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 人类的神经成像
背景情况:
- 确定的性别差异存在于特定的认知领域:女性在口头记忆方面出色,男性在空间记忆方面出色.
- 大脑连接模式也显示了与性别相关的变化,这表明与认知表现差异的联系.
研究的目的:
- 在一个大而健康的英国生物库样本中调查认知和结构共变性 (形态测量连接性) 的性别差异.
- 探索大脑网络全球效率的性别差异是否是观察到的认知变异的基础.
主要方法:
- 利用T1加权的MRI扫描和来自28821名英国生物库参与者的区域皮层厚度数据.
- 应用图形理论和刀偏差估计以量化特定主题的结构共变率和全球网络效率.
- 检查认知功能,包括口头记忆,空间记忆,处理速度和执行功能.
主要成果:
- 确认了认知方面的性别差异:女性表现出优越的口头记忆和处理速度;男性表现出更好的空间记忆. 执行功能没有显著的性别差异.
- 与女性相比,男性在两个大脑半球的全球效率和区域共变性 (节点强度) 显著更高.
- 在男性中,更高的全球大脑网络效率被发现调解了观察到的语言记忆和处理速度的性别差异.
结论:
- 生物性与大脑形态学连接和认知能力的独特模式有关.
- 结构共变的图形理论分析提供了对认知性差异神经支的洞察.
- 这些发现增强了对大脑网络组织如何与性别特异性认知特征相关的理解.
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