空气污染和临床抗生素耐药性之间的关联:全球分析
Zhenchao Zhou1, Xinyi Shuai1, Zejun Lin1
1College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
The Lancet. Planetary health
|August 9, 2023
概括
颗粒物 (PM) 显著推动了全球抗生素耐药性和过早死亡. 按照世卫组织的指导方针控制PM2·5可以避免数以百万计的死亡和数十亿美元的经济损失.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性是一个关键的全球健康威胁.
- 吸入颗粒物 (PM) 与增加抗生素耐药性的传播有关.
- 对于PM2·5对抗生素耐药性的全球影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 提供与PM2.5污染相关的抗生素耐药性的第一个全球估计.
- 量化归因于PM驱动的抗生素耐药性的过早死亡负担.
- 预测未来的趋势和缓解策略的影响.
主要方法:
- 全球分析来自116个国家的数据 (2000年至2018年).
- 单变量和多变量分析以评估PM对抗生素耐药性的影响.
- 包括预测因素:空气污染,抗生素使用,卫生,经济,卫生支出,人口,教育,气候和地区.
- 在不同情景下预测未来的趋势 (减少抗生素使用,控制PM2.5).
主要成果:
- 在PM2·5和抗生素耐药性 (R2=0·42-0·76, p<0·0001) 之间存在显著的全球相关性,随着时间的推移而加强.
- 在2018年,PM2·5衍生抗生素耐药性导致估计有0.48万例过早死亡和1820万年的生命损失.
- 由于过早死亡,每年的福利损失估计为3950亿美元.
- 到2050年实现世卫组织PM2.5目标 (5μg/m3) 可以将耐药性降低16.8%,避免23.4%的过早死亡,节省6400亿美元.
结论:
- 这项研究确定了PM2·5和临床抗生素耐药性之间的第一个全球联系.
- 这些发现为控制抗生素耐药性提供了新的环境策略.
- 减少PM2.5污染对于减轻抗生素耐药性及其相关死亡率和经济负担至关重要.
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