语言工作记忆容量调节口语理解中的语义和语音预测
Xinjing Li1,2, Qingqing Qu3,4
1Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, 100101.
Psychonomic bulletin & review
|August 9, 2023
概括
工作记忆能力通过调节语义和语音预测来影响语言理解. 更高的工作记忆容量 (WMC) 会在语言处理过程中导致更早的语义预测.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 语言理解包括使用各种线索预测即将出现的单词.
- 不同语言层面的一般认知能力和预测处理之间的关系尚未完全理解.
- 工作记忆容量 (WMC) 对于认知任务至关重要,但它在调节语义与语音学预测中的特定作用需要澄清.
研究的目的:
- 研究工作记忆容量 (WMC) 如何影响语言理解期间的语义和语音预测.
- 检查WMC对语义和语音层面的预测效率的影响.
- 探索通过口头WMC在视觉世界中进行预测处理的调制.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (讲汉语) 完成了一项口头WMC任务 (阅读范围).
- 一个视觉世界范式跟踪眼睛的运动,因为参与者听到可预测的句子和观看对象显示.
- 显示包括目标对象,语义竞争者和语音竞争者来评估预测类型.
主要成果:
- 高和低WMC组都表现出语义和语音预测.
- 高WMC组与低WMC组相比,表现出更早的语义预测.
- 语音学预测显示,高和低WMC组的时间过程相似.
结论:
- 语言工作记忆容量显著调节语言理解中的预测处理.
- 语义预测比语音预测更多地影响了语义预测的时间.
- 这些发现突出了执行功能在实时语言理解中的作用.
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