没有证据表明磁场对Drosophila的行为产生影响
Marco Bassetto1,2, Thomas Reichl2, Dmitry Kobylkov2,3
1Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nature
|August 9, 2023
概括
这项研究没有发现Drosophila对磁场敏感性的证据, 研究人员认为夜间迁徙的歌鸟是了解鸟类磁感应的最佳模型.
科学领域:
- 生物物理
- 动物的行为
- 神经伦理学
背景情况:
- 迁徙的歌鸟使用地球的磁场进行导航, 这是一个依赖光的过程.
- 涉及加密染色体的激素对机制是鸟类磁感受的主要假设.
- Drosophila melanogaster已被用作研究磁场效应的模型,一些研究报告了积极的结果.
研究的目的:
- 严格测试磁场对虫的行为的影响.
- 重新评估之前关于Drosophila磁敏性的说法.
- 确定最适合研究鸟类磁感应的模型生物.
主要方法:
- 在一个双臂迷宫中测试了97,658只的磁场效应.
- 通过负地质试验 (自发逃生行为) 评估了10960只的磁性敏感性.
- 复制了之前的研究,仔细控制条件并使用大样本.
主要成果:
- 在受控条件下,在Drosophila中没有发现具有统计意义的磁性敏感行为的证据.
- 以往研究的重新分析表明,由于统计方法和样本大小,可能出现错误阳性结果.
- 这些发现让人们对Drosophila的磁感应存在怀疑.
结论:
- 这项研究未能支持Drosophila中加密染色介导磁感应的假设.
- 之前的Drosophila阳性结果可能归因于实验工件或统计错误.
- 夜间迁徙的歌鸟仍然是研究鸟类磁感应机制的最合适模型.
相关概念视频
Magnetic Fields
A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire
Consider an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current I. The magnetic field at point P at a distance a from the origin can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Diamagnetism
Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges
A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
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Magnetic Force
In addition to the electric forces between electric charges, moving electric charges exert magnetic forces on each other. A magnetic field is created by a moving charge or a group of moving charges known as the electric current. A magnetic force is experienced by a second current or moving charge in response to this magnetic field. Fundamentally, interactions between moving electrons in the atoms of two bodies produce magnetic forces between them.
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Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
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If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...


