双语语言经纪人的西蒙效应:情感和熟练程度的作用
Belem G López1, Minyu Zhang1, Maria M Arredondo2
1The University of Texas at Austin, USA.
The international journal of bilingualism : cross-disciplinary, cross-linguistic studies of language behavior
|August 10, 2023
概括
语言经纪 (LB) 经验会根据第一语言 (L1) 熟练程度和负面情绪不同地影响执行功能 (EF). 低L1熟练度与低负面情绪改善了西蒙任务上的EF表现.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 双语研究 双语研究
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 语言经纪 (LB) 涉及双语人士作为非正式的语言和文化中介.
- 虽然LB具有潜在的社会情绪和认知结果,但它对执行职能 (EF) 的影响还未得到充分研究.
- 双语体验的个体差异,如L1熟练程度和相关情绪,可能会影响认知表现.
研究的目的:
- 调查第一语言 (L1) 熟练程度,与语言中介 (LB) 相关的负面情绪和执行功能 (EF) 性能之间的关系.
- 检查这些因素如何相互作用以影响Simon任务 (ST) 的性能.
主要方法:
- 共有53名墨西哥裔美国人,具有LB经验的西班牙语-英语双语者参加了这次活动.
- 参与者完成了一个西蒙任务 (ST),测量反应时间 (RT) 和准确性.
- 收集了与LB体验相关的自我报告的负面情绪.
主要成果:
- L1熟练程度和负面情绪对EF表现产生了联合,不同的影响.
- 与假设相反,低L1熟练度预测了更好的表现,在低L1熟练度和低负面情绪的参与者中观察到最小的西蒙效应.
- 较高的L1熟练度预测了更好的表现 (更快的RTs),无论与LB相关的负面情绪如何.
结论:
- 在L1熟练度的个体差异和从LB体验的负面情绪显著与EF表现相互作用.
- 这些发现强调了考虑双语语言体验对认知功能的微妙影响的重要性.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解双语人口中这些复杂的相互作用.
相关概念视频
01:27Language and Cognition
375
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
375
01:26Emotional Expression
284
Emotional expression encompasses how individuals convey their emotions through verbal communication and non-verbal cues. These non-verbal actions include facial expressions, body language, and physical gestures, such as frowning or smiling. Among these, facial expressions play a crucial role in emotional expression and are understood universally, indicating a biological basis for how humans communicate emotions.
Universal Facial Expressions
Psychologist Paul Ekman identified seven basic...
Universal Facial Expressions
Psychologist Paul Ekman identified seven basic...
284
01:20Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion
468
Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, which emphasizes the interplay between physiological arousal and cognitive labeling in forming emotional experiences. This theory suggests that emotions are not simply a result of physiological responses but rather a combination of these responses and the individual's cognitive interpretation of them.
Physiological Arousal and Cognitive Labeling
According to this theory, when an individual experiences...
Physiological Arousal and Cognitive Labeling
According to this theory, when an individual experiences...
468
01:20Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused
100
Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed...
100
01:13Nonconscious Mimicry
4.6K
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
4.6K
01:17Cognitive Theories: Lazarus Mediational Theory of Emotion
949
Richard Lazarus' cognitive mediational theory highlights the pivotal role of cognitive appraisal in shaping emotional responses. According to this theory, the evaluation of a stimulus — based on personal values, goals, beliefs, and expectations — mediates the emotional response. This appraisal process is immediate and often occurs unconsciously, influencing the intensity and nature of the resulting emotion.
Cognitive Appraisal and Emotional Response
Lazarus proposed that...
Cognitive Appraisal and Emotional Response
Lazarus proposed that...
949