不同的适应性免疫反应定义了长期COVID的两种类型
Jérôme Kervevan1, Isabelle Staropoli1, Dorsaf Slama2
1Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France.
Frontiers in immunology
|August 10, 2023
概括
长期COVID患者表现出不同的免疫特征. 血清阳性个体表现出强大的抗病毒反应,而血清阴性患者表现出明显较弱的幽默和CD4+T细胞免疫力,这表明长期COVID的多种原因.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 长期COVID的适应性免疫反应尚不清楚,有理论指出抗病毒活性不足或过度炎症.
- 在接种疫苗之前调查免疫反应对于了解长期COVID的机制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种之前,在长期COVID患者中表征幽默和CD4+T细胞反应.
- 为了区分长期COVID病毒阳性和病毒阴性个体之间的免疫特征.
主要方法:
- 根据持续的症状和初始感染,招募长期COVID患者 (血清阳性LC+和血清阴性LC-).
- 通过ELISA,S流检测和T细胞检测,对康复的COVID-19患者 (RE) 和健康的捐赠者 (HD) 的免疫反应进行了比较.
- 分析了对30种病毒抗原的抗体反应和CD4+ T细胞反应.
主要成果:
- 长期COVID患者,特别是血清阴性组 (LC-),表现出更多的持续症状.
- 在22.7%的LC-患者中检测到低水平的SARS-CoV-2尖端特异性IgG,而不是LC+和RE组的高水平.
- LC患者对SARS-CoV-2蛋白质表现出缺陷的抗体反应,但对其他病毒的反应保留了;LC患者的CD4+T细胞反应也减少了.
结论:
- 在长期COVID中确定了两个不同的抗病毒免疫反应模式.
- 长期COVID病毒阳性患者表现出协调的细胞和幽默反应,与康复个体相比.
- 艾丽莎血清阴性长期COVID患者的抗病毒反应一般较低,可检测的T细胞和/或抗体约为一半,这表明长期COVID的多种病因.
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