通过补充灌来平衡作物用水需求,在半干旱环境中的雨水农业中实现平衡
Teferi Gebremedhin1, Gebremedhin Gebremeskel Haile1,2,3, T G Gebremicael1,4
1Tigray Water Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 492, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Heliyon
|August 10, 2023
概括
补充灌 (SI) 通过解决雨量不稳定的问题,显著提高了埃塞俄比亚的Tigray的小麦产量. 在降雨晚开始和早停止期间应用SI对于提高半干旱农业的作物水生产率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 水资源管理 水资源管理
背景情况:
- 雨灌农业主导着埃塞俄比亚的提格雷,但由于不规律的降雨模式,包括晚期开始和早期停止,面临着挑战.
- 小麦是Tigray的一个重要粮食作物,在关键的生长阶段遭受水分压力,阻碍其生产力.
- 关于补充灌 (SI) 在变化降雨条件下对小麦的影响,特别是关于晚开始降雨的影响,存在重大知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Tigray降雨变化的农气象学特征.
- 评估补充灌 (SI) 在减轻小麦生产水分压力的有效性.
- 评估不同降雨期 (晚开始,早停止或两者兼而有之) 应用的SI对小麦产量和水生产力的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析Tigray的降雨变化,开始,停止和生长季节的长度.
- 在两个季节 (2017年和2018年) 进行的农场实地实验评估SI策略.
- 在雨水养条件下,小麦产量和水生产率的比较与SI在出现前,开花后和联合应用的比较.
主要成果:
- 补充灌显著影响了小麦产量和水生产率 (P < 0.05).
- 在降雨较晚开始 (前) 和较早停止 (后) 期间,SI的联合应用导致了最高的谷物产量 (3298公斤/公) 和水生产率 (0.538公斤/米3).
- 与雨水养殖相比,联合的前+后SI应用提高了谷物产量,生物质和水生产率,分别为45.6%,27.7%和21.5%.
结论:
- 在雨量不足的时期,通过SI平衡作物用水需求,对于在半干旱环境中提高水生产率和小麦生产至关重要.
- 建议在降雨晚开始和早停止期间应用SI,以最大限度地提高半干旱地区的小麦生产率.
- 补充灌是一种可行的策略,以改善在气候变化下提格莱的雨水农业的弹性和生产力.
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