人工智能和心力衰竭:一篇最先进的综述
Muhammad Shahzeb Khan1, Muhammad Sameer Arshad2, Stephen J Greene1,3
1Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
European journal of heart failure
|August 10, 2023
概括
人工智能 (AI) 提供了对心力衰竭 (HF) 患者的高级风险预测,改善了早期诊断和管理. 人工智能算法可以合成复杂的数据,帮助医生做出及时的,明智的决策,以便更好地照顾心力衰竭.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 心力衰竭 (HF) 影响全球超过6000万,在风险分层和管理方面提出了复杂的挑战.
- 尽管取得了进展,但仍然存在诸如残留风险和理解HF与保留喷射分数等问题.
- 整合庞大的,不同的患者数据以提供有效的HF护理仍然是一个重大障碍.
研究的目的:
- 审查人工智能 (AI) 算法用于早期HF诊断,用保存的射出分数来表型HF,以及疾病严重程度分层.
- 讨论AI在HF护理中的临床部署所面临的挑战.
- 探索人工智能驱动的高频管理改进的未来方向.
主要方法:
- 对应于心力衰竭的AI算法现有文献的审查.
- 分析AI在临床决策支持数据集成和合成方面的能力.
- 讨论AI在HF中的挑战和未来前景.
主要成果:
- 人工智能算法显示出在高频风险分层中比传统方法更优越的预测能力的潜力.
- 人工智能可以促进临床决策,优化治疗分配,预测不良结果,并能够早期检测恶化的高频率.
- 人工智能有助于早期HF诊断,用保存的射出分数来表型HF,并分层疾病严重程度.
结论:
- 人工智能通过提高诊断准确性和治疗个性化来改变心力衰竭护理的重大前景.
- 克服人工智能部署的挑战对于实现其在改善患者治疗结果方面的全部潜力至关重要.
- 未来开发新的AI算法对于推进心力衰竭的管理至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:22Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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01:27Heart Failure I: Introduction
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01:29Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
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01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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