在元分析中检测性别作为调节者:受限于研究间差异的问题
Lydia Craig Aulisi1, Hannah M Markell-Goldstein2, Jose M Cortina3
1Fidelity Investments.
Psychological methods
|August 10, 2023
概括
在心理元分析中,很少发现性别是显著的调节因素,原因是研究中性别组成缺乏差异. 这种方法问题使得检测真正的性别差异变得非常困难,即使它们存在.
科学领域:
- 心理学科学 心理学科学
- 量化心理学 量化心理学
背景情况:
- 心理学中的元分析经常调查调节者来解释效果大小异质性.
- 性别是经常研究的调节因素,但其重要性很少被发现.
- 现有研究表明,这可能是由于缺乏实质性的性别差异的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查为什么性别在心理学元分析中很少是重要的调节者.
- 提出,在性别组成中缺乏研究间的差异,阻碍了检测适度.
- 证明这种方法限制的影响,并提出解决方案.
主要方法:
- 在50个元分析中对286个调节测试进行了元元分析,以量化研究间性别组成的差异.
- 进行了一项蒙特卡洛模拟研究,以评估低性别组成差异对检测调节者效应的影响.
- 还评估了单一性别研究对于检测适度的有用性.
主要成果:
- 在众多元分析中发现,性别组成在研究之间显著缺乏差异.
- 模拟表明,这种低差异导致接近零的检测调节效应,即使存在显著的潜在性别差异.
- 单一性别研究被证明在检测性别作为调节者的过程中更有效.
结论:
- 检查性别作为元分析调节者的常用方法是有缺陷的,因为性别组成的差异不足.
- 这种方法限制人为地抑制了性别作为心理学研究中重要调节者的检测.
- 未来的元分析应该考虑研究设计,包括更大的性别组成差异或利用单一性别研究来准确评估性别的调节作用.
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