在卡塔林灵长类灵长类动物中,牙的机械特性在整个皇冠上的变化
Ian Towle1, Thomas Loho2, Amira Samir Salem1
1Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Journal of human evolution
|August 10, 2023
概括
灵长类动物的牙面膜硬度因位置而异,尽管骨折率较高,但舌尖尖的硬度显示出更高的值. 机械特性显示了灵长类动物牙的共同模式,表明了功能性适应.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 乳的机械性能在各个冠上有所不同.
- 这些特性,牙功能和灵长类动物进化之间的联系尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究灵长类动物下牙冠上的质机械性质 (硬度,弹性模量) 的变化.
- 为了将这些特性与牙功能和遗传学模式相关联.
主要方法:
- 纳米印记被用来量化质的硬度和弹性模量.
- 分析了来自14种灵长类动物的15个下牙.
- 在五个皇冠位置的内,中间和外面质层进行了测量.
主要成果:
- 腰部位置表现出比侧面位置更高的机械性能.
- 中间质表现出比内外质更大的硬度和弹性模量.
- 易受骨折的舌尖尖的平均机械性能高于口腔尖尖.
结论:
- 面机械性质梯度存在于灵长类的牙冠上.
- 对磨损和断裂的功能解释需要考虑这些梯度.
- 有限的遗传学信号表明,在卡塔里尼和可能更广泛地说灵长类动物中保留了机械模式.
相关概念视频
01:21Tooth Anatomy
555
The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
555
01:15Teeth
487
The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
487