接触自然是否会让孩子变得更聪明? 波兰有或没有ADHD的儿童的分析
Dorota Buczyłowska1, Clemens Baumbach1, Jakub Bratkowski2
1Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
International journal of hygiene and environmental health
|August 10, 2023
概括
这项研究发现,在波兰儿童中,与或没有ADHD,终身接触自然和更高的智力之间没有联系. 身体活动没有调解这种关系,质疑自然.
科学领域:
- 环境心理学 环境心理学
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 以前的研究表明,自然暴露,体力活动和儿童智力之间存在积极的关联.
- 对自然环境 (绿色空间和蓝色空间) 的终身暴露及其身体活动对认知能力,特别是智力的潜在调解的作用仍在研究中,特别是与注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 相关.
研究的目的:
- 调查长期接触绿色空间和蓝色空间与10-13岁儿童智力之间的关联.
- 检查身体活动是否调解了与自然接触和ADHD和无ADHD儿童的智力之间的关系.
- 评估这些协会在一个以波兰学童为重点的病例控制研究中.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自NeuroSmog病例控制研究 (N=714) 的数据,其中包括来自波兰南部的患有 (N=206) 和没有ADHD的儿童 (N=508).
- 通过客观措施 (树木/草地覆盖率和缓冲区的水覆盖率) 和感知措施 (家长评估的可用性,质量,使用) 评估终身自然暴露.
- 使用斯坦福-比内特智能尺度第五版 (SB5) 测量智力,并通过结构方程建模分析了体力活动的调解效应.
主要成果:
- 在客观或感知的绿色空间/蓝色空间测量和智力得分 (IQ,非语言智商,口头智商) 之间没有发现一致的关联.
- 身体活动没有被确定为自然暴露和智力之间的关系的调解者.
- 这项研究没有发现任何证据支持波兰学龄儿童终身暴露在自然环境中的更高程度与增强的智力之间存在联系,无论ADHD状态如何.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了这一假设,即终身暴露在自然环境中显著影响儿童的智力.
- 该研究没有发现有证据表明体育活动调解了自然暴露对这一群体认知能力的潜在影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来澄清环境因素,身体活动和儿童认知发展之间的复杂相互作用.
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