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在Bos taurus X染色体上识别候选新型生产变异

H Trebes¹, Y Wang¹, E Reynolds¹

¹Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.

Journal of dairy science

|August 10, 2023

概括

研究人员将牛X染色体纳入乳制品遗传研究中,确定了与牛奶生产特征相关的MOSPD1和CCDC160基因的突变. 这些发现为乳牛养殖和遗传学提供了洞察力.

科学领域:

基因组学就是基因组学.
动物遗传学动物遗传学
乳制品科学乳制品科学

背景情况:

由于牛X染色体的性别特异性,它经常被排除在遗传研究之外.
X染色体是第二大牛染色体,约占女性基因组的6%.
在乳制品遗传研究中包括X染色体对于全面分析至关重要.

研究的目的:

在新西兰乳制品行业进行X染色体包括的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS).
为了识别与牛奶生产特征相关的X染色体变异.
评估这些变种对乳制品行业的潜在影响.

主要方法:

使用雌性牛进行遗传分析.
在全基因组关联研究中将X染色体视为自体.
在新西兰乳制品行业进行了选择性育种环境分析.

主要成果:

在MOSPD1和CCDC160基因中发现了误解突变.
这些突变与乳量和蛋白质产量下降有关.
将这些突变与增加的牛奶脂肪产量联系起来.
与荷尔斯坦-弗里西亚人相比,在泽西牛群中观察到这些异构单核酸多态 (SNPs) 的更高的流行率.

结论:

X 染色体变异,特别是 MOSPD1 和 CCDC160 的突变,与显著的牛奶生产特征有关.
这些发现对乳制品行业的选择性育种策略有影响.
需要进一步的研究来确定MOSPD1和CCDC160.0.之间的因果突变.

关键词:

一个X染色体是X染色体.全基因组关联研究研究.基因组选择基因组选择牛奶生产牛奶生产

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相关概念视频

X-linked Traits

X-linked Traits

In most mammalian species, females have two X sex chromosomes and males have an X and Y. As a result, mutations on the X chromosome in females may be masked by the presence of a normal allele on the second X. In contrast, a mutation on the X chromosome in males more often causes observable biological defects, as there is no normal X to compensate. Trait variations arising from mutations on the X chromosome are called “X-linked”.

X-Inactivation

X-Inactivation

The human X chromosome contains over ten times the number of genes as in the Y chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, and females have two, one might expect females to produce twice as many of the proteins, with undesirable results.