在米细胞中,Magnaporthe oryzae效应物的非传统分泌是由tRNA修饰和密码子使用控制所调节的
Gang Li1, Nawaraj Dulal1, Ziwen Gong1,2
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
Nature microbiology
|August 10, 2023
概括
病原体效应因子分泌依赖转移RNA (tRNA) 抗变异和使用. 在Magnaporthe oryzae中,tRNA硫化 (s2U34) 调节了特定的效应蛋白的转化,影响了宿主-真菌相互作用.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
背景情况:
- 微生物病原体利用效应蛋白操纵宿主免疫力.
- 这些作用因子的非传统分泌途径尚不清楚.
- 转移RNA (tRNA) 的抗变异是至关重要的,但它们的功能在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 调查tRNA修饰和子使用在Magnaporthe oryzae中非传统的效应体分泌中的作用.
- 为了阐明Uba4-Urm1硫中继系统和tRNA抗子摇摆尿素2-thiolation (s2U34) 的功能.
主要方法:
- 关于M. oryzae Uba4-Urm1硫中继系统的特征.
- 对tRNA修饰 (s2U34) 对信使RNA转化影响的分析.
- 调查子的使用及其对效应蛋白质分泌的影响.
- 对效应基因 (PWL2) 和分泌通路的基因操纵.
主要成果:
- 失去了s2U34取消了编码细胞质效应器的AA结尾编码子丰富的mRNA的翻译.
- 细胞内膜网膜-戈尔吉分泌的细胞质效应因子mRNAs不受s2U34损失的影响.
- 重写同名编码子或增加近同类tRNA的接受度恢复了细胞质效应器的产生.
- 重编的PWL2表达导致超分泌和宿主真菌界面不稳定.
结论:
- tRNA硫化 (s2U34) 和病原体编码的使用是非传统效应体分泌的关键调节者.
- 这种机制使得病原体能够调整向宿主细胞输送的效应因子.
- 了解这种途径可以了解宿主-病原体相互作用和潜在的控制策略.
相关概念视频
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
944
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
944
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
22.8K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.8K
Translational Regulation
45
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
45
Riboswitches
8.2K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.2K
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches
61
Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
61
Types of RNA
64.0K
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
64.0K


