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城市绿地是否能减少费城的基于贫困,种族或两者的死亡率不平等?
Leah H Schinasi1,2, Michelle C Kondo3, Janelle Edwards4,5
1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. lhs36@drexel.edu.
概括
城市绿地,特别是草和整体绿色,有助于减少与种族和社会经济地位相关的死亡率不平等. 这些发现凸显了可访问的绿地对公共卫生的重要性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 之前的研究将城市绿色空间与减少基于收入的死亡率不平等联系起来.
- 死亡率的种族不平等可能因历史和系统种族主义而有所不同.
- 绿色空间对种族死亡率不平等的影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同的绿色空间措施如何改变社会经济和种族/种族不平等的死亡率.
- 调查绿色空间与全因和心血管疾病死亡率不平等之间的关联.
- 为了检查这些协会在不同的绿色空间类型和社会人口统计指标的变化.
主要方法:
- 对376个费城人口普查区 (2008-2015年死亡率数据) 的生态分析.
- 使用树冠,草/灌木覆盖,公园入口和NDVI.量化绿地.
- 与社会人口结构 (贫困,种族,极端集中度指数) 相关的死亡数据.
- 使用年龄和性别调整的负二项式模型来分析不平等.
主要成果:
- 较高的草/灌木覆盖和整体的绿色与较弱的死亡率不平等有关.
- 基于极端集中度指数 (ICE) 的不平等显示出最实质性的缩小.
- 感知到的公园入口并没有显著改变死亡率不平等.
- 树冠只显示出与ICE的不平等关系较弱.
结论:
- 社区绿色空间与死亡率不平等的减少有关,特别是与种族化经济贫困 (ICE) 相关的不平等.
- 绿色空间的类型和社会人口统计指标显著影响观察到的关联.
- 整体的绿色和草/灌木覆盖表明,在缓解死亡率不平等方面具有更强的效果.
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