侵入性外来昆虫对生物多样性构成明显但可变的威胁
David A Clarke1,2, Melodie A McGeoch1,2
1Department of Environment and Genetics, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia.
Current research in insect science
|August 11, 2023
概括
侵入性外来昆虫对生物多样性产生重大影响,更大的范围与更大的当地环境破坏有关. 然而,目前对这些影响的知识有限,需要更广泛的分类学和地理数据收集以更好地理解.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 侵入性物种研究 侵入性物种研究
背景情况:
- 生物入侵,特别是外来昆虫的入侵,对全球生物多样性构成重大威胁.
- 量化入侵昆虫对环境的影响对于有效的保护战略至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往缺乏关于昆虫入侵范围和严重性的全面数据.
研究的目的:
- 量化外来侵入性昆虫对环境造成的威胁的范围和程度.
- 测试关于社会经济和分类学偏见,范围大小与影响关系以及岛屿易受影响的假设.
- 评估迄今为止在量化入侵性外来昆虫对环境影响方面最大的努力.
主要方法:
- 使用了对外来税的环境影响评估 (EICAT) 框架的修改.
- 在全球范围内分析了大量的,分类学上具有代表性的已建立的入侵性昆虫物种.
- 测试了与入侵影响和偏见相关的特定假设.
主要成果:
- 引入范围较大的物种更有可能表现出严重的当地环境影响 ("重大").
- 岛屿对入侵昆虫的敏感性增加的假设没有得到支持;岛屿和大陆都经历了类似的高严重性的影响.
- 发现影响信息在地理和分类学上有偏差,社会经济害虫的数据略多.
结论:
- 侵入性昆虫在对生物多样性的影响上表现出很高的变化,即使在众所周知的入侵者中也是如此.
- 目前对侵入性昆虫影响的知识基础需要更大的分类学和地理扩展.
- 需要进一步的研究,以确定入侵影响的生物地理学中的一般模式.
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