在患有潜在感染或绝育保护的人群中,对Mycobacterium tuberculosis的免疫反应进行比较
Emilie Jalbert1, Cuining Liu2, Vidya Mave3,4,5
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
iScience
|August 11, 2023
概括
新的结核疫苗应该针对高Granzyme-B+PD-1+T细胞反应. 识别免疫标记物,区分抗感染者和潜伏载体,是开发比BCG更有效的结核病 (TB) 疫苗的关键.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 目前用于结核病 (TB) 的BCG疫苗具有可变的疗效.
- 对于超越BCG的保护能力的新型结核病疫苗有着至关重要的需求.
研究的目的:
- 鉴别出不同的免疫反应,使自然控制结核病感染的个体 (结核病耐药者) 与潜在结核病感染的个体 (LTBI参与者) 区别开来.
- 通过确定关键的保护细胞免疫相关物来建立结核病疫苗开发的新基准.
主要方法:
- 对循环中的表达葡萄糖单糖 (GMM) 和Granzyme-B.的CD8+ T细胞的分析.
- 在M. tuberculosis活体刺激后,对表达Granzyme-B和/或PD-1的多功能T细胞 (传统和非传统) 的评估.
- 对有限结核病暴露的BCG受体进行探索性分析.
主要成果:
- 与LTBI参与者相比,结核病耐药者表现出CD8+GMM+Granzyme-B+T细胞的频率更高.
- 表达Granzyme-B和/或PD-1的多功能T细胞在刺激后的结核病耐药体中更为普遍.
- 参与LTBI的患者表现出激活标志物和细胞因子 (如IL-10和IFN-γ) 的高表达.
结论:
- 高Granzyme-B+PD-1+ T细胞对M.结核病的反应是下一代结核病疫苗潜在的可取相关物.
- CD8+GMM+Granzyme-B+ T细胞反应也可以作为结核病疫苗疗效的宝贵基准.
相关概念视频
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
263
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
263
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
162
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
162
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
1.4K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.4K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
365
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
365
Immunological Memory
669
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
669
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
201
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
201


