在大学校园的大规模COVID-19疫苗接种期间的废水监测
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.
概括
在大规模疫苗接种期间,废水监测有效地追踪了大学校园中的COVID-19病例. 接种疫苗后,废水中的SARS-CoV-2RNA显著减少,这表明人群中病毒传播减少.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 基于废水的流行病学 (WBE) 是监测传染病的宝贵工具.
- 大规模疫苗接种活动对SARS-CoV-2传播和WBE敏感性的影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 评估在全大学大规模疫苗接种运动期间对SARS-CoV-2RNA的废水监测的实用性.
- 评估废水SARS-CoV-2RNA水平与疫苗接种后报告的COVID-19病例之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 在一个大学校园的废水固体中监测SARS-CoV-2RNA,疫苗接种覆盖率超过90%.
- 统计分析以将废水RNA水平与日常COVID-19病例数据相关联,考虑时间滞后.
- 在疫苗接种活动之前,期间和之后的废水阳性率的比较.
主要成果:
- 废水固体中的SARS-CoV-2RNA水平与COVID-19病例的7天平均值 (滞后1-3天) 有显著的相关性.
- 在大规模疫苗接种期间和之后,污水中SARS-CoV-2RNA的阳性显著下降,21天中有19天没有检测.
- 在游客数量激增后,观察到废水SARS-CoV-2 RNA的增加,证明了WBE的响应能力.
结论:
- 废水固体作为一个敏感的矩阵,用于下水级环境监测SARS-CoV-2.
- 大规模疫苗接种活动与SARS-CoV-2RNA流入废水的减少同时进行.
- 即使在高度接种疫苗的人群中,WBE仍然是监测传染病的可行工具.
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