年龄在语音理解过程中不同调节下层和上层语言结构的皮质跟踪
Na Xu1,2, Xiaoxiao Qin1,2, Ziqi Zhou1,2
1Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|August 11, 2023
概括
老年人表现出增强的单词级语音跟踪,但减少的短语和句子级语音跟踪,影响理解. 这表明,处理语言层次的年龄相关变化会影响理解复杂的语言.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 语音理解依赖于以不同的速度处理分层语言结构.
- 老龄化会影响语音处理,但其对各种语言层面的影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究老化如何影响语音理解过程中不同语言水平 (单词,短语,句子) 的神经跟踪.
- 探索神经跟踪,注意力和年长和年轻成年人的行为准确性之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 磁脑电图 (MEG) 记录了老年人和年轻人的神经活动,听到连续的语音.
- 阶层语言结构 (单词,短语,句子) 被标记为4,2和1赫兹.
- 一个新的参数化算法将周期性语言跟踪与非周期性神经活动分开.
主要成果:
- 与年轻人相比,老年人表现出在单词水平 (4 Hz) 上增强的神经跟踪,但在短语 (2 Hz) 和句式 (1 Hz) 水平上的跟踪减少.
- 句级跟踪的注意调节在年轻人中比老年人中更大.
- 行为准确性与更高水平的跟踪正相关,与较低水平的跟踪负相关.
结论:
- 衰老与向增强的低级 (单词) 和减少的高级 (短语,句子) 语音跟踪的转变有关.
- 在跟踪语言层次结构和注意力调制方面,神经灵活性减少可能导致与年龄相关的语音理解下降.
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