化学污染对临灭绝的海洋哺乳动物的影响:系统性审查
Iris Schaap1, Larissa Buedenbender2, Sarah Johann3
1Farm Technology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Journal of hazardous materials
|August 11, 2023
概括
海洋哺乳动物积累污染物,造成健康风险. 对污染物影响的研究对于高度危的物种是有限的,特别是在南半球,需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 保护科学 保护科学
背景情况:
- 海洋哺乳动物容易受到污染物的积累,这是由于它们的寿命长,食物位和脂质储存.
- 污染物对全球海洋哺乳动物种群构成重大健康风险.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 红色名单中的海洋哺乳动物物种污染物引起的不良健康影响.
- 识别有关灭绝风险,地理分布,方法,污染物和影响机制的知识差距.
主要方法:
- 对已发表的关于海洋哺乳动物和污染物的研究进行系统的文献审查.
- 分析跨灭绝风险类别,空间分布和气候区域的数据可用性.
- 通常研究的污染物和毒理学终点的分类.
主要成果:
- 暴露效应数据对于极度危 (16%) 和危 (15%) 的物种相比,与脆弱 (66%) 的物种相比,较少.
- 对于南半球许多临灭绝的物种,污染物与污染物效应的关系在很大程度上仍未确立.
- 持久性有机污染物 (POP),金属和农药是研究最多的污染物,主要是在分子和细胞层面.
结论:
- 对污染物对更高灭绝风险的海洋哺乳动物物种的影响进行更多研究是非常必要的,特别是在南半球.
- 弥合分子水平发现和人口水平影响之间的差距对于有效的风险评估至关重要.
- 计算方法,如毒动力学建模,显示出在体外数据推断到体内和人口水平效应的前景.
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