燃烧发电厂烟气排放的缓解方法和技术:全面审查
Iman Larki1, Alireza Zahedi1, Mahdi Asadi1
1Department of Energy Systems Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
The Science of the total environment
|August 11, 2023
概括
像微波和电化学系统这样的新技术为减少发电厂的烟气污染物提供了先进的解决方案,改善了环境保护和人类健康.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
- 能源技术 能源技术 能源技术
背景情况:
- 发电厂中化石燃料的燃烧会释放出有害的烟气,包括颗粒物 (PM),氧化硫 (SOx),氧化 (NOx) 和氧化碳 (COx).
- 这些排放导致了诸如酸雨,气候变化和全球变暖等重大环境问题,并对人类呼吸系统健康构成风险.
- 传统的燃烧后控制排放的技术面临着挑战,尽管它们是有效的.
研究的目的:
- 审查传统和新兴技术,以管理和减少燃烧发电厂的烟气污染物.
- 与现有方法相比,确定提供更高效率和有效性的替代方法.
- 评估新技术在解决当前排放控制系统的局限性方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 审查关于常规和新技术用于烟气污染物管理的现有文献.
- 分析各种先进方法的效率和适用性,包括新型颗粒物收集器,微波系统,电化学系统,非热等离子体,基于微藻的方法和湿洗.
- 检查整合混合方法以提高污染物去除的潜力.
主要成果:
- 新型PM收集器在微小粒子上实现了近100%的效率.
- 微波系统对SOx (超过95%) 和NOx (近90) 具有很高的效率.
- 电化学和非热等离子系统的NOx减排效率分别超过90%和接近90%.
- 基于微藻的方法在去除二氧化碳方面达到80-99%的效率.
- 混合方法显示出对优越的污染物控制的承诺.
结论:
- 像微波,电化学和非热等离子体系统这样的新兴技术在减少烟气污染物方面提供了显著的改进.
- 基于微藻的方法为二氧化碳捕获提供了一个可行的选择.
- 混合方法,特别是在以环境为重点的地区,可以带来加强和更有效地控制烟气排放.
- 这些先进技术具有相当大的潜力,可以克服传统排放控制系统的缺陷.
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