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使用基于自然的解决方案适应雨水洪水:综合生物物理经济评估
Carlotta Quagliolo1, Peter Roebeling2, Fabio Matos2
1DIST - Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning, Politecnico di Torino and Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
The Science of the total environment
|August 11, 2023
概括
绿色屋顶等基于自然的解决方案 (NBS) 可以显著减少城市洪水损害,每年节省32%. 这项研究整合了生物物理和经济评估,以支持沿海城市的气候适应计划.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 洪水事件是全球最昂贵的自然灾害,城市化和气候变化加剧了这一现象.
- 沿海城市面临海平面上升,风暴潮和城市排水带来的洪水风险日益增加.
- 基于自然的解决方案 (NBS) 已被公认为适应气候变化,但它们在城市水域规模上的有效性需要经验验证.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一个空间生物物理经济框架来评估NBS洪水风险减轻.
- 在当前和未来的气候条件下整合NBS的生物物理影响,成本和益处.
- 在沿海城市的案例研究中评估绿色屋顶和生物盐的有效性.
主要方法:
- 利用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估 (InVEST) 城市洪水风险缓解模型进行生物物理影响评估.
- 雇员福利转移方法来评估NBS的经济影响.
- 综合生物物理和经济数据使用地理信息系统 (GIS) 工具进行空间分析.
主要成果:
- 绿色屋顶场景显示,建筑物和基础设施的洪水损害每年节省32%.
- 生物水利场景显示,洪水损害的最小节省率为0.1%.
- 绿色屋顶在未来的气候情景中提供了更大的好处 (RCP 4.5).
结论:
- NBS,特别是绿色屋顶,为城市洪水风险减轻提供了重大潜力.
- 该研究强调了对NBS利益和成本的部分和不确定的知识.
- 生物物理经济评估对于知情,适应性气候适应规划至关重要.
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