优化的Xception学习模型和XgBoost分类器用于从X射线图像中检测多类胸部疾病
Kashif Shaheed1, Qaisar Abbas2, Ayyaz Hussain3
1Department of Multimedia Systems, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunication and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 12, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了一种改进的Xception (m-Xception) 模型,用于改进胸部X射线分析,准确检测COVID-19,肺炎和肺部不透明度. 人工智能模型实现了高精度,帮助放射科医生诊断各种肺部疾病.
科学领域:
- 医学成像和人工智能 医学成像和人工智能
- 放射学和诊断成像 放射学和诊断成像
- 计算病理学计算病理学
背景情况:
- 计算机断层扫描 (CT) 扫描和胸部X射线扫描对于诊断肺部疾病至关重要,包括2019年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19).
- 现有的计算机辅助诊断 (CAD) 系统往往缺乏通用性,需要广泛的超参数调整,并且对于大型数据集计算效率低下.
- 医疗图像分析的深度学习模型面临着高计算复杂性,内存成本和背景复杂性的挑战,阻碍了高效的培训.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种高效准确的人工智能模型,将胸部X射线图像分为四类:正常的肺,肺不透明,COVID-19感染的肺和肺炎.
- 通过提出一种新的深度学习架构来克服现有的CAD系统的局限性.
- 通过提供可靠的工具来提升放射科医生的诊断能力,以早期检测肺部疾病.
主要方法:
- 改进的Xception (m-Xception) 架构的开发,包括深度可分离的卷积层和线性残余,灵感来自Inception模块.
- 实施两阶段的转移学习过程,以实现有效的模型培训.
- 使用XgBoost分类器对胸部X射线进行多类识别.
- 采用数据增强技术,将1095张图像的数据集扩展到48000张,平衡正常肺,肺炎,COVID-19和肺部不透明的类别.
主要成果:
- 在各种火车测试部门中,m-Xception模型的平均精度为96.5%,F1得分为96%,回忆率为96%,精度为96%.
- 对比分析表明,m-Xception方法在胸部X射线分类方面表现优于现有的可比方法.
- 该模型在识别和分类正常肺部,肺部不透明,COVID-19和肺炎方面表现强.
结论:
- 拟议的m-Xception模型提供了一个计算效率高和高度准确的解决方案,用于通过胸部X射线诊断多种肺部疾病.
- 这种人工智能驱动的方法有可能显著帮助放射科医生提高肺病诊断的速度和准确性.
- 这项研究强调了修改后的深度学习架构和转移学习在医学图像分析中的有效性.
相关概念视频
X-ray Imaging
5.6K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
5.6K
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
218
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
218
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
289
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
289
Classification of Illness
7.6K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
7.6K
Classification of Bones
5.7K
The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
5.7K


