世界卫生组织年龄友好原则的实施:葡萄牙的一个案例研究
Jéssica Tavares1, Gonçalo Santinha1, Nelson Pacheco Rocha2
1Research Unit on Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies (GOVCOPP), Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
概括
大多数葡萄牙医疗保健部门都不知道世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的年龄友好原则. 实施率很低,特别是在培训和管理方面,这阻碍了老年人获得更好的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学与公共卫生
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 全球人口结构的变化凸显了医疗保健系统应对老龄化人口复杂健康需求的需要.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 在2004年制定了年龄友好原则,以指导医疗保健适应,但其实际整合仍然不清楚.
- 葡萄牙国家卫生服务 (NHS) 开始优先考虑对老年人友好的医疗保健,创造了一个及时的机会来评估当前的做法.
研究的目的:
- 评估葡萄牙国家卫生服务 (NHS) 中对世卫组织年龄友好原则的认识和实施情况.
- 确定在初级和医院护理环境中采用适合老年人的医疗保健策略的障碍和促进因素.
- 提供基于证据的建议,以提高服务于老年人的卫生单位的健康结果和绩效.
主要方法:
- 在初级保健主任和医院管理人员中进行了一项定量,横截面的调查.
- 该研究涉及葡萄牙NHS内的173个卫生单位.
- 该问卷评估了人们对世卫组织原则的认识,以及它们在各个领域的实施程度.
主要成果:
- 大多数受访者 (71%) 没有意识到世卫组织的"年龄友好原则".
- 大多数管理人员 (80%) 不认为当前的组织结构是提供护理的障碍.
- 世卫组织原则的实施率较低,特别是专业培训 (50%) 和管理系统 (28%),与在物理环境中更高的实施率 (64%) 相反.
结论:
- 迫切需要增加传播和有针对性的支持,以便在葡萄牙国家卫生保健系统中实施世卫组织年龄友好原则.
- 改善培训和管理系统对于有效采用年龄友好型医疗保健至关重要.
- 加强实施对于改善老年人的健康结果和优化卫生单位绩效至关重要.
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