精神分裂症-双极光谱的风险:果是否落在树上? 一个叙事审查
Giulia Cattarinussi1,2, Alessio A Gugliotta1, Fabio Sambataro1,2
1Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
概括
精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者的亲属表现出中间的认知和大脑变化,反映出共同的遗传风险和独特的障碍途径. 这些发现突出了关键的中间表型,以了解严重的精神疾病.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症 (SCZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BD) 具有共同的临床特征和遗传风险因素.
- 在未受影响的亲属 (REL) 中的中间表型 (IP) 提供了对SCZ和BD病理生理学的见解.
- 神经心理功能和神经成像测量是关键的IP.
研究的目的:
- 审查SCZ (SCZ-RELs) 和BD (BD-RELs) 的未受影响亲属的认知和神经成像改变的证据.
- 探索SCZ和BD的共享和独特的IP.
- 通过他们的亲属了解这些疾病的遗传基础.
主要方法:
- 现有研究的叙述性审查.
- 在SCZ-REL和BD-REL中分析神经心理学数据.
- 对SCZ-REL和BD-REL中神经成像发现的审查.
主要成果:
- SCZ-RELs在智力,记忆,注意力,执行功能和社会认知方面表现出缺陷.
- BD-REL显示执行功能受损,包括工作记忆和认知灵活性.
- SCZ-RELs在皮层-层-胸膜网络中具有结构/功能变化;BD风险与前额,层,胸膜和边缘区域异常有关.
结论:
- SCZ-REL和BD-REL显示了患者和健康个体之间的中间认知和神经成像概况.
- 共同的异常表明SCZ和BD的共同遗传机制.
- 不同的形状可能反映了SCZ和BD的不同症状表现.
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