乙醇和素作为从花生压蛋糕中提取油的溶剂之间的实验比较
Paloma Jamily Cristina Magalhães1, Daniel Gonçalves2, Keila Kazue Aracava1
1Laboratory of Separation Engineering (LES), Department of Food Engineering (ZEA), School of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), P.O. Box 23, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 12, 2023
概括
乙醇 (Et) 可以代替六 (Hx) 提取花生油,需要更高的温度和更多的溶剂阶段. 这两种方法都能获得同等质量的石油,但以乙醇提取的石油需要更多的炼油.
科学领域:
- 农业化学 农业化学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- (Hx) 是一种常见的溶剂,用于从油性材料中提取油.
- 乙醇 (Et) 正在被探索作为一种潜在的更安全,更可持续的替代Hx.
- 花生压蛋糕 (PPC) 是一种富含残留油和蛋白质的副产品.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较乙醇 (Et) 和 (Hx) 在从花生压蛋糕 (PPC) 中提取残留油的功效.
- 评估提取变量 (温度,固体/溶剂比,接触阶段) 对石油产量和质量的影响.
- 评估提取的油脂和脱脂固体的特性,以了解潜在的应用.
主要方法:
- 在花生压蛋糕 (PPC) 上使用乙醇 (Et) 和 (Hx) 进行连续的交叉电流提取.
- 提取参数的优化,包括温度,固体/溶剂比率和接触阶段的数量.
- 提取油的成分 (脂肪酸,三糖醇) 和物理性质的分析.
- 确定脱脂固体中的蛋白质含量和溶性.
主要成果:
- 六 (Hx) 在55°C和1:4固体/溶剂比率的两个阶段实现了86%的石油产量.
- 乙醇 (Et) 需要更高的温度 (75°C),更高的溶剂比率 (1:5),以及三个阶段来达到类似的87%的产量.
- 提取的油 (POEt,POHx) 与冷压花生油 (CPPO) 具有相似的脂肪酸和三糖样本.
- 乙醇提取油 (POEt) 呈现出更高的自由酸度和更强烈的颜色,表明提炼需求增加.
- 脱脂固体 (DSEt,DSHx) 含有超过45%的具有高溶性的蛋白质,表明它们适合提取蛋白质.
结论:
- 乙醇 (Et) 是 (Hx) 的可行的替代品,用于从PPC中提取花生油,尽管需要调整工艺条件.
- 通过两种溶剂提取的油质量是可比的,但以乙醇提取的油可能需要更密集的精炼.
- 从两个提取过程中脱脂的固体含有丰富的蛋白质,适合进一步加工成蛋白质成分.
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