识别气候智能面包小麦生殖质谱,提高对全球变暖的适应能力
Anil Patidar1,2, Mahesh C Yadav1, Jyoti Kumari3
1Division of Genomic Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 12, 2023
概括
热应激显著降低面包小麦产量和谷物质量,特别是在易受影响的品种中. 具有改善生理特征的耐受性面包小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 加入被确定为繁殖计划的气候智能生殖质.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 热带和亚热带地区的面包小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 种植面临着由于热应激而面临的重大挑战,特别是在谷物填充期 (GFP).
- 全球变暖加剧了这些情况,影响了小麦生产和生产率.
- 了解热应激的形态生理和产量反应对于开发有弹性的小麦品种至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估热应激对96种面包小麦的影响,重点关注18种形态生理和产量相关的特征.
- 根据低热易感指数和高产稳定性来确定耐热热应激的面包小麦加入.
- 描述在热应激下小麦粒的超结构变化,并确定气候智能的生殖质线.
主要方法:
- 在延迟播种条件下模拟热应激的情况下,在96个面包小麦加入中评估了18个形态生理和产量相关的特征.
- 使用热敏感度指数和收益率稳定性,用于选择耐受性接入.
- 使用扫描电子显微镜检查小麦粒的超结构变化.
主要成果:
- 热应激显著降低了作物生长,GFP和关键特征,包括千粒重量 (TGW) 和谷物产量,在易受影响的加入中观察到更大的减少.
- 耐受性加入表现出增加的树冠温度降低 (CTD),植物性和叶子滚动,而敏感的加入显示出植物高度,脚长度和长度的显著减少.
- 超结构分析显示,在易受影响的加入中,大粉颗粒的尺寸和密度降低,与产量和TGW下降相关.
结论:
- 鉴定了特定的面包小麦加入 (例如,IC566223,IC128454) 作为气候智能生殖质,因为它们在热应激下的稳定性和高产量.
- 精选的生殖质谱具有开发映射种群的理想特征,以提高未来小麦品种的耐热性.
- 热应激会导致小麦粒的显著超结构变化,影响产量潜力.
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