在里约热内卢的一户潜在队列中出现了SARS-CoV-2再感染病例
Stephanie L S Penetra1, Heloisa F P Santos1, Paola Cristina Resende2
1Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Journal of infectious diseases
|August 12, 2023
概括
在Omicron前,COVID-19的再感染风险被一剂疫苗剂量降低,但在Omicron变种激增期间,即使有助推剂,也没有降低. 大多数再感染都是轻微的,这强调了需要更新疫苗的需要.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 包括Omicron在内的SARS-CoV-2变种的出现引起了人们对疫苗对感染和再感染的有效性表示担忧.
- 了解疫苗接种人群中COVID-19再感染的动态对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查家庭队列中COVID-19再感染的发生率和特征.
- 评估疫苗接种状况,包括再接种剂量,对不同SARS-CoV-2变种时期的再感染风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 未来家庭队列研究在里约热内卢 (2020年4月 - 2022年6月).
- 使用实验室检测和基因组分析识别和确认再感染.
- 对疫苗接种状况及其与重感染风险之间的关联进行分析,跨越前欧米克朗和欧米克朗时期.
主要成果:
- 确定了98例COVID-19再感染;71%通过基因组测序证实.
- 俄米克朗前:一剂疫苗降低了再感染的风险.
- 奥米克朗时期:无论是初级疫苗接种还是强剂量都没有显著降低再感染风险.
- 大多数再感染无症状或比原发性感染轻度.
结论:
- 接种疫苗可能无法完全预防SARS-CoV-2感染或再感染,特别是在较新的变种中.
- 需要对接种疫苗的个体的感染进行持续监测.
- 建议定期更新疫苗抗原标和复发剂,类似于流感疫苗接种策略.
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