在Ad26.COV2.S疫苗接种前的感染主要是通过SARS-CoV-2-特定的B细胞记忆来增加类切换和减少CXCR5表达
Robert G E Krause1,2, Thandeka Moyo-Gwete3,4, Simone I Richardson3,4
1Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa.
NPJ vaccines
|August 12, 2023
概括
之前的SARS-CoV-2感染增强了B细胞对约翰逊和约翰逊COVID-19疫苗的记忆反应,促进了对变种的中和,并影响了B细胞的指导和功能.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 记忆B细胞对于感染或接种疫苗后的长期免疫力至关重要.
- 之前感染SARS-CoV-2对疫苗诱导的B细胞记忆反应的影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解这些反应是优化疫苗策略的关键.
研究的目的:
- 研究之前的SARS-CoV-2感染如何影响B细胞对Ad26.COV2.S疫苗的记忆反应.
- 分析与先前感染状态有关的记忆B细胞的表型和功能.
- 评估对抗体中和和T细胞反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 在Ad26.COV2.S疫苗接种之前和之后,对卫生保健工作者中的SARS-CoV-2特异性B细胞进行分析.
- 将参与者分为SARS-CoV-2原始或先前感染的群体.
- 流细胞测量以评估B细胞表型 (CXCR5,CXCR3表达) 和类切换.
- 测量中和抗体标位和T毛囊辅助细胞频率.
主要成果:
- 在所有参与者中,Ad26.COV2.S疫苗接种扩大了记忆B细胞,而在以前感染过的人中,这种频率更高.
- 之前的感染导致CXCR5表达减少,并增加了记忆B细胞中的类切换.
- 接种疫苗只能在先前感染的个体中增强对Omicron和Beta变异的中和抗体.
- CD8+ T细胞反应与记忆B细胞CXCR3表达增加相关,在先前感染的组中持续存在.
- 年龄对接种疫苗的反应产生了负面影响,而B细胞活化与感染史无关.
结论:
- 之前的SARS-CoV-2感染显著影响了B细胞对Ad26.COV2.S疫苗接种的记忆反应.
- 这些变化影响了B细胞的回归,抗体中和宽度和T毛囊辅助细胞相互作用.
- 对疫苗反应的表型分析可以提供对先前感染影响的见解,为未来的疫苗开发提供信息并促进策略.
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