多数性的神经编码
Dmitry Kobylkov1, Mirko Zanon1, Matilde Perrino1
1Centre for Mind/Brain Science, CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.
Bio Systems
|August 13, 2023
概括
跨越不同物种的动物拥有"数感"来估计数量. 尽管大脑结构不同,但数字认知的类似神经处理表明,编码抽象的数字信息具有计算优势.
科学领域:
- 比较的认知比较的认知.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
背景情况:
- 数量感知,或"数量感",是一种广泛的认知能力,在各种动物种群中发现,包括昆虫,鱼类,爬行动物,鸟类和哺乳动物.
- 这种能力超越了感官模式,动物能够从视觉刺激,听觉音调,甚至是自我生成的运动中估计数量.
- 这些种群中神经解剖学的进化分歧使得数字认知的单一,保存的神经通路不太可能.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前对大脑如何处理数量信息的理解,从最初的感官输入到更高阶中心的抽象表示.
- 探索数字信息的神经处理的相似之处,尽管进化差异和不同的大脑结构.
- 确定关键的开放问题,以指导未来的比较数字认知研究.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了不同动物分类中的多数处理的发现.
- 对神经机制的比较分析,这些神经机制在诸如灵长类动物和鸟类等进化上遥远的群体中是数字感的基础.
- 检查与数值刺激相关的神经元响应特性在高阶大脑区域.
主要成果:
- 在灵长类动物和鸟类的高级大脑中心中,已经确定了选择性地对数值量做出反应的神经元.
- 尽管进化距离很远,但这些"数量神经元"表现出类似的响应特性,这表明潜在的编码机制潜在的计算优势.
- 这种相似性意味着,众多性信息可能会经历跨越各种进化系的融合神经处理步骤.
结论:
- 动物对数字认知的研究突出了神经处理中的融合计算策略,尽管进化路径不同.
- 了解这些保存机制,可以深入了解大脑数字信息处理的基本原理.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决关于数认知的神经基础和进化轨迹的关键问题.
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