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相关概念视频

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.0K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
1.0K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

677
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
677
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

1.0K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
1.0K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

959
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
959
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment00:59

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

1.2K
All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...
1.2K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

2.0K
All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not...
2.0K

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工程随机旋转模型与原子在一个高精度的空洞中.

Nick Sauerwein1, Francesca Orsi1, Philipp Uhrich2,3

  • 1Institute of Physics and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nature physics
|August 14, 2023
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概括

研究人员使用空腔中的原子云创建了一个可控制的无序自旋系统. 这一突破使量子多体模型的物理实现成为可能,进步了量子计算和凝聚物质物理学.

关键词:
阶段过渡和关键现象.量子仿真是一种量子仿真.

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科学领域:

  • 量子物理学的量子物理学
  • 凝聚物质物理学 凝聚物质物理学
  • 量子计算是一种量子计算.

背景情况:

  • 无序的量子多体模型具有全对全的相互作用,具有广泛的应用,但缺乏物理实现.
  • 这些模型在诸如旋转眼镜,全息二元性和量子化等领域至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 从物理上实现和研究所有对所有相互作用的,无序的量子自旋系统.
  • 探索量子系统中相互作用和混乱之间的相互作用.
  • 通过可编程腔介导相互作用,使任意旋转哈密尔顿的设计成为可能.

主要方法:

  • 在受可控制光移的光腔内利用原子云.
  • 通过调整原子腔脱调,在无序的中央模式和Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick模型之间调整了系统.
  • 采用低能激发的光谱探测来分析混乱的影响.

主要成果:

  • 在中央模式模型中观察到破坏集体合的障碍,导致"灰色"状态.
  • 证明了Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick模型的演变,从铁磁性基本状态到具有越来越多无序的超磁性阶段.
  • 确定了在混乱的利普金-梅什科夫-格利克制度中出现的半局部自体状态.

结论:

  • 成功实现了一个可调整的,无序的全对全相互作用的旋转系统.
  • 提供了对量子多体系统中相互作用和混乱之间的竞争的实验性见解.
  • 为可编程量子模拟和设计新型量子哈密尔顿的设计铺平了道路.