尼日利亚埃努古州外部结构性出生缺陷的描述性流行病学
Izuchukwu F Obi1,2, Ugochukwu U Nwokoro1,2, Okechukwu P Ossai1,3
1Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Asokoro, Abuja, Nigeria.
Ghana medical journal
|August 14, 2023
概括
出生缺陷,包括四肢形和神经管缺陷,在尼日利亚的埃努古正在上升. 不良的记录管理阻碍了研究,突出了需要补充叶酸和改善孕产妇健康干预措施的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 出生缺陷是一个重大的全球健康问题,影响婴儿死亡率和长期残疾.
- 了解出生缺陷的流行率和趋势对于制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定出生患病率,识别趋势,并描述尼日利亚埃努古大都市的外部结构性出生缺陷.
- 评估研究人口中与出生缺陷相关的潜在风险因素.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项横截面研究,审查了2009年至2016年间埃努古大都市三个三级医院的分娩记录.
- 收集和分析了有关出生缺陷,母亲人口统计和怀孕特征的数据.
主要成果:
- 总共分析了21530个分娩,确定了133个出生缺陷病例,导致每10,000个分娩中有61.8例的患病率.
- 肢体形 (27.9%) 和神经管缺陷 (16.7%) 是最常见的缺陷. 从2009年到2016年,人们观察到出生缺陷的上升趋势.
- 母亲因素包括发烧性疾病 (29.0%),疟疾 (14.5%),产前护理出席率低 (<4次访问,27.4%),叶酸摄入量不足 (11.3%).
结论:
- 出生缺陷,特别是四肢形和NTD,在恩古大都市的患病率越来越高.
- 医疗机构的记录保存不良,对准确的数据收集和分析构成挑战.
- 建议在生育年龄的妇女中推广叶酸补充剂,以减少可预防的出生缺陷的发生率.
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