心血管病患者的危险因素:改善二次预防的挑战和机会
Rahima Gabulova1, Anna Marzà-Florensa2, Uzeyir Rahimov3
1Teaching-Therapeutical Hospital, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku AZ1022, Azerbaijan. rahima.gabulova@gmail.com.
World journal of cardiology
|August 14, 2023
概括
阿塞拜疆的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险因素管理不足,血压和胆固醇不控制的高率. 对高风险人群来说,加强对欧洲心脏病学会 (ESC) 二次预防指南的遵守至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 有效管理心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险因素对于降低死亡率至关重要.
- 已建立的动脉样硬化心血管疾病患者往往无法充分控制主要心血管风险因素.
- 阿塞拜疆是心血管疾病高风险地区,需要有针对性的预防策略.
研究的目的:
- 评估遵守欧洲心脏病学会 (ESC) 对确诊冠心病 (CHD) 患者的二次预防的建议.
- 评估阿塞拜疆心脏病患者可修改的主要风险因素的测量和治疗管理.
主要方法:
- 一项临床审计 (SURF CHD II研究) 在2019年至2021年期间在阿塞拜疆巴库的六个高等卫生中心进行.
- 从687名连续患有心血管疾病的患者 (≥18年) 收集的数据,包括人口统计,危险因素和药物.
- 在门诊期间使用标准问卷来收集全面的患者信息.
主要成果:
- 只有15.1%的参与者参加了心脏康复计划.
- 观察到高比例的不受控制的危险因素:缩血压 (54.6%),LDL胆固醇 (86.8%),糖尿病 (60.6%),超重 (66.6%) 和肥胖 (25%).
- 心血管健康指数得分 (CHIS) 表示94%的患者健康状况不佳或中等,没有显著的基于性别的差异.
结论:
- 目前关于心血管疾病的二次预防,特别是血压控制的经济委员会指南显示,阿塞拜疆的实施不足.
- 医疗保健组织者必须优先考虑高风险心血管疾病地区的二次预防活动和公共卫生措施.
- 针对医疗保健专业人员和患者的教育举措是必要的,以改善对心血管疾病风险因素管理指南的遵守.
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