委内瑞拉现场燃烧EOR方法的工作流程:挑战和机遇
Fernancelys Rodriguez1, Maria Llamedo2,3, Hadi Belhaj4
1Independent Consultant, Yvelines 78550, France.
ACS omega
|August 14, 2023
概括
在委内瑞拉的现场燃烧 (ISC) 通过点燃储备燃料来提高重油产量. 虽然在技术上是成功的,但运营方面的挑战需要进一步研究以优化和降低成本.
科学领域:
- 石油工程是石油工程中的一个.
- 增强的石油回收 (EOR)
- 在现场燃烧 (ISC)
背景情况:
- 现场燃烧 (ISC) 是委内瑞拉自1959年以来用于重型原油生产的长期使用的热增强石油回收 (EOR) 方法.
- ISC涉及注入空气以启动外热反应,增加油的流动性,并提供比蒸汽注入更低的环境影响.
- 尽管在降低粘度和提高API重力方面取得了技术上的成功,但ISC项目仍面临诸如高井温度,酸气管理,乳液,腐蚀和高成本等挑战.
研究的目的:
- 重新审视委内瑞拉的现场燃烧 (ISC) 项目,评估研发和现场应用.
- 确定导致过去ISC项目的成功和失败的关键因素.
- 为委内瑞拉未来的ISC技术应用提供有根据的建议.
主要方法:
- 在委内瑞拉 (Tia Juana,Morichal,Miga,Melones) 进行现场燃烧 (ISC) 现场应用的历史审查.
- 分析技术结果,包括降低粘度和改善原油性能.
- 运营挑战的评估:高温,酸性气体,乳液,腐蚀,CAPEX和OPEX.
主要成果:
- ISC在降低重油粘度和提高油质 (°API) 方面表现出技术有效性.
- 仍然存在重大运营挑战,阻碍了整体项目的可行性和经济可行性.
- 目前正在进行的研究重点是过程优化,催化剂和捐赠剂,以减轻缺陷.
结论:
- 现场燃烧 (ISC) 仍然是委内瑞拉重油的可行,节能的EOR方法,产生有价值的副产品,如低碳燃料和气.
- 解决运营挑战和优化流程对于成功的未来ISC实施至关重要.
- 进一步的研究和开发对于克服现有的局限性和最大限度地发挥ISC技术的好处至关重要.
相关概念视频
Combustion Energy: A Measure of Stability in Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
6.4K
The low reactivity in alkanes can be attributed to the non-polar nature of C–C and C–H σ bonds. Alkanes, therefore, were initially termed as “paraffins,” derived from the Latin words: parum, meaning “too little,” and affinis, meaning “affinity.”
Alkanes undergo combustion in the presence of excess oxygen and high-temperature conditions to give carbon dioxide and water. A combustion reaction is the energy source in natural gas, liquified...
Alkanes undergo combustion in the presence of excess oxygen and high-temperature conditions to give carbon dioxide and water. A combustion reaction is the energy source in natural gas, liquified...
6.4K
Benzene to Phenol via Cumene: Hock Process
3.3K
The synthesis of phenol from benzene via cumene and cumene hydroperoxide is called the Hock process. First, a Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction of benzene with propene gives cumene. Then cumene forms cumene hydroperoxide via a radical chain reaction. In the chain initiation step, the benzylic hydrogen is abstracted to give a benzylic radical. In the chain propagation step, the benzylic radical reacts with an oxygen diradical to form a cumene hydroperoxide radical. The cumene...
3.3K
Bioremediation
19.0K
Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
19.0K
Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation
4.6K
Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
4.6K
Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates
951
After filtration, the precipitate is washed to remove coprecipitated impurities and any remaining mother liquor. Colloidal precipitates, such as silver chloride, are washed with an electrolyte (such as dilute nitric acid) to prevent the peptization of the precipitate. In the case of slightly soluble precipitates, the wash solution contains a common ion to reduce solubility. Lead sulfate, which is slightly soluble in water, is washed with dilute sulfuric acid. Similarly, wash solutions may be...
951
Volatilization
418
Volatilization gravimetry is an analytical technique that measures the mass lost due to the volatilization of the substance. This technique is used to estimate the amount of volatile material in a sample. To perform this method, heat a known amount of the sample to a high temperature in a crucible or other suitable vessel. The volatile substance in the sample evaporates, and the vapor is completely expelled from the crucible either by heating the sample or bubbling a stream of inert gas through...
418


