延迟和减弱的抗体对冠状病毒疾病的反应 2019年在固体器官移植接受者中免疫与差的交叉变异中和-一项前性的纵向研究
May Y Liew1, Josh I Mathews1, Amy Li2
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|August 14, 2023
概括
移植受体对初始重症急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 疫苗剂量表现出较弱的抗体反应,但第三剂量提高了免疫力. 然而,对抗Omicron变种的中和仍然是这些免疫受损患者的担忧.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 移植 移植 移植 移植
背景情况:
- 治疗性免疫抑制的移植受体对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 疫苗的反应有所减少.
- 了解抗体动力学和变体交叉保护对于这种脆弱人群至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究心脏和肺移植受体中严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 疫苗诱导抗体的动力学和变体交叉保护.
- 为了比较移植接受者与健康对照者以及囊性纤维化患者的免疫反应.
主要方法:
- 对心脏和肺移植接受者 (n=35) 和对照者 (n=19) 的前性纵向研究.
- 测量血清抗体和中和反应对祖先和变种SARS-CoV-2菌株.
- 在3剂量信使RNA (mRNA) 疫苗接种系列后对反应的分析.
主要成果:
- 移植受体在2剂后表现出延迟的抗体反应和缺乏对Omicron的交叉中和.
- 第三次接种疫苗剂量在大多数 (73%) 移植接受者中显著增加了反应.
- 对免疫逃避变种 (Beta,Gamma,Omicron) 的中和作用在移植受体中仍然减弱.
结论:
- 肺和心脏移植接受者对前2剂SARS-CoV-2疫苗的反应延迟和缺陷,第三剂后显著增加.
- 减少对Omicron变异的中和,使移植接受者对当前菌株的免疫力减弱.
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