为自闭症个体进行神经多样性肯定干预的框架
Matthew D Lerner1, Ava N Gurba1, Dena L Gassner2
1Stony Brook University, Department of Psychology.
Journal of consulting and clinical psychology
|August 14, 2023
概括
几十年来,自闭症患者被排除在自闭症干预设计和目标设定之外. 需要一个新的神经多样性肯定干预 (NAI) 框架来解决道德问题和过去的做法,如应用行为分析 (ABA) 的iatrogenic影响.
科学领域:
- 神经多样性研究 神经多样性研究
- 自闭症研究 自闭症研究
- 干预科学 干预科学
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,自闭症患者一直被排除在研究和干预设计之外,这些研究和干预涉及他们自己的需求和目标.
- 传统的自闭症干预措施,包括应用行为分析 (ABA),因缺乏自闭症输入而面临批评,并导致iatrogenic效应.
- 现有的干预目标往往侧重于减少自闭症特征,与神经多样性观点相冲突.
研究的目的:
- 突出包括自闭症声音在干预开发和目标优先设置中的关键需求.
- 在自闭症研究和实践中,倡导向神经多样性肯定干预 (NAI) 的范式转变.
- 解决过去和现在的自闭症干预模型的伦理和实践缺陷.
主要方法:
- 对现有的自闭症干预实践和研究方法的批判性审查.
- 从干预设计中排除自闭症个体的伦理影响的分析.
- 检查与应用行为分析 (ABA) 相关的批评和报告的催化剂效应.
主要成果:
- 自闭症患者一直被系统地排除在针对他们的干预措施的决定之外.
- 应用行为分析 (ABA) 因其缺乏包容性和潜在危害而受到越来越多的审查.
- 当前的干预目标往往与神经多样性原则和自闭症患者的经验不一致.
结论:
- 迫切需要一个神经多样性肯定干预 (NAI) 框架.
- 未来的自闭症研究和实践必须优先考虑自闭症的自决和福祉.
- 采用NAI原则对于道德和有效的自闭症支持至关重要.
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