对相似性判断和时间间选择的社会影响
Francine W Goh1, Jeffrey R Stevens1
1Department of Psychology, Center for Brain, Biology and Behavior, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
Psychological reports
|August 14, 2023
概括
社会影响影响时间间的选择. 观察别人的相似性判断,通过改变个人判断,帮助长期决策,将偏好转向更大,延迟的奖励.
科学领域:
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 时间间的选择通常是使用折扣来建模的,重点是时间和奖励价值.
- 相似性模型提供了一个替代方案,根据属性相似性 (奖励金额,时间延迟) 评估选项.
- 对个人判断和选择的社会影响是一个公认的心理现象.
研究的目的:
- 调查关于相似性判断的社会信息如何影响个人相似性判断.
- 为了确定是否对相似性判断的社会影响会改变随后的时间间选择.
- 探索社会信息的潜力,以促进长期有益的选择.
主要方法:
- 进行了三项研究,参与者进行了相似性判断和时间间选择.
- 参与者的判断和选择在接触其他人的相似性判断之前和之后被评估.
- 分析的重点是个人相似性判断的变化以及随后的时间间选择偏好.
主要成果:
- 暴露于有利于更大,更晚的奖励的社会相似性判断,增加了参与者对这些选择的偏好.
- 这种偏好转变与参与者调整个人相似性判断以与社会信息保持一致相关.
- 社会影响通过改变的相似感知直接调解了时间间选择行为的变化.
结论:
- 关于相似性判断的社会信息可以显著塑造时间间决策.
- 个人调整其基于属性的判断,以符合感知到的社会规范或偏好.
- 利用对相似性判断的社会影响可能是鼓励具有长期利益的选择的策略.
相关概念视频
00:52Social Proof
27.7K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
27.7K
01:12Hindsight Biases
3.4K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?
3.4K
02:12Relationship Formation
40.1K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
40.1K
01:14Fundamental Attribution Error
12.9K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.9K
02:06Social Exchange Theory
34.6K
We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
34.6K
00:56Attribution Theory
13.0K
Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
13.0K