模拟个人内部变化的风险因素:一种混合效应的β-双项模型应用于老年人的认知功能在老龄化的英语纵向研究中
American journal of epidemiology
|August 14, 2023
概括
认知功能的个体内变化 (IIV) 随着年龄的增长而增加,并与教育和日常生活困难等因素有关. 了解IIV对于评估老年人的认知健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 老年人的认知功能显著影响生活质量和健康.
- 研究传统上侧重于平均认知表现,忽视了个体内变化 (IIV).
- 现有的IIV分析方法存在局限性,包括忽略不确定性和易受偏差的影响.
研究的目的:
- 提出和应用一种新的统计模型来估计认知表现中的IIV.
- 确定与较高的IIV相关的风险因素在老年人认知测试得分.
- 用一个大,纵向数据集来研究IIV在词回忆性能.
主要方法:
- 开发一个混合效应的位置尺度β-二项式模型.
- 在7个波段 (2002-2015年) 进行的英语纵向老化研究 (ELSA) 中,分析了9873名个人数据.
- 为平均性能进行调整,以隔离影响IIV的因素.
主要成果:
- 在老年人群中,单词回忆的个体内变异性更大.
- 与IIV增加相关的因素包括教育程度较低,女性,以及日常生活活动的困难.
- 晚期出生队列和面试官记录的问题也与更高的IIV相关.
- 这种新型模型成功地确定了在有限的离散结果中具有更高IIV的组.
结论:
- 这项研究引入了一种强大的方法,用于在认知评估中分析IIV.
- 研究结果突出了与老年人认知变异性增加相关的特定人口和健康相关因素.
- 了解IIV对日常运作,护理和未来的健康结果研究有影响.
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