系统思维和复杂性科学方法和非传染性疾病预防的政策过程:系统的范围审查
Chloe Clifford Astbury1, Kirsten M Lee1, Elizabeth McGill2
1Global Food System & Policy Research, School of Global Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
International journal of health policy and management
|August 14, 2023
概括
系统思维和复杂性科学 (STCS) 为非传染性疾病 (NCD) 政策提供了潜力. 有效的实施需要利益相关方的支持和可访问的结果,以进行强有力的,基于证据的决策.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 政策科学 政策科学 政策科学
- 系统科学 系统科学
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 具有复杂的决定因素,需要创新的政策方法.
- 系统思维和复杂性科学 (STCS) 越来越多地被探索为有效的NCD预防政策.
- 本综述系统地分析了STCS在NCD预防政策中的应用.
研究的目的:
- 在NCD预防政策中识别和分析STCS信息化的方法的现有应用.
- 将STCS应用程序映射到政策过程领域.
- 确定在NCD政策中使用STCS的优势,局限性,障碍和促进者.
主要方法:
- 学术数据库的系统范围审查 (Medline,Scopus,科学网络,EMBASE).
- 截至2020年10月13日,对出版物的标题,摘要和全文进行选.
- 专题分析以确定与STCS在NCD政策中的应用相关的关键主题.
主要成果:
- 包括112篇论文,重点关注烟草控制,肥胖和体育活动.
- 常见的方法包括系统动态建模,基于代理的建模和概念映射.
- 优点:增强基于证据的决策,复杂的系统建模. 局限性:抽象现实,资源密集性,利益相关者的信任和结果的复杂性.
结论:
- STCS方法为NCD政策制定提供了定制,动态证据的潜力.
- 可访问性和利益相关者所有权对于STCS建立共识和影响观点至关重要.
- 需要进一步评估,以确定STCS与传统方法相比的有效性.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
1.6K
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
1.6K
Principles of Disease Surveillance
124
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
124
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
12.7K
Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
12.7K
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.3K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.3K
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I
2.1K
A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
2.1K
Causality in Epidemiology
472
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
472


